Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, sentence 12

Newts are amphibians with tails; in spring the male great crested newt grows a tall wavy crest, and newts can regrow lost legs and tails.

Who acts: Newts, male great crested newt · What happens: be, crest, grow, regrow, lose · To what, where: amphibians, tall wavy crest, lost legs

This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Newts, male great crested newt), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Newts	newt	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 amphibians	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 amphibians	cop
3	amphibians	amphibian	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 tails	case
5	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 amphibians	nmod
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 amphibians	punct
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 spring	case
8	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 grows	obl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 newt	det
10	male	male	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 newt	amod
11	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 newt	amod
12	crested	crest	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 newt	amod
13	newt	newt	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 grows	nsubj
14	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 amphibians	parataxis
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 crest	det
16	tall	tall	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 crest	amod
17	wavy	wavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 crest	amod
18	crest	crest	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 grows	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 regrow	punct
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 regrow	cc
21	newts	newt	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 regrow	nsubj
22	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 regrow	aux
23	regrow	regrow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 grows	conj
24	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	25 legs	amod
25	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 regrow	obj
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	27 tails	cc
27	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 legs	conj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 amphibians	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Newts	amphibians		with tails	tree rules
2	crest	participle					vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme
3	grow	present	the male great crested newt	a tall wavy crest	spring		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location crest=Theme
4	regrow	can	newts	lost legs and tails			tree rules
5	lose	participle					vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:032-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/12/