Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, sentence 3

Some are record breakers: a wood frog freezes solid in the Alaskan winter and hops away in spring, and a Goliath frog from Cameroon is as big as a cat.

Who acts: Some, wood frog, Goliath frog · What happens: be, freeze, hop away · To what, where: record breakers

This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Some, wood frog, Goliath frog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	4 breakers	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 breakers	cop
3	record	record	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 breakers	compound
4	breakers	breaker	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 freezes	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 frog	det
7	wood	wood	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 frog	compound
8	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 freezes	nsubj
9	freezes	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 breakers	parataxis
10	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 freezes	xcomp
11	in	in	ADP	_	14 winter	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 winter	det
13	Alaskan	alaskan	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 winter	amod
14	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 freezes	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 hops	cc
16	hops	hop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 freezes	conj
17	away	away	ADV	_	16 hops	advmod
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 spring	case
19	spring	spring	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 hops	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 big	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 big	cc
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 frog	det
23	Goliath	Goliath	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 frog	compound
24	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 big	nsubj
25	from	from	ADP	_	26 Cameroon	case
26	Cameroon	Cameroon	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 frog	nmod
27	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 big	cop
28	as	as	ADV	_	29 big	advmod
29	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 breakers	parataxis
30	as	as	ADP	_	32 cat	case
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 cat	det
32	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 big	obl
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 breakers	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Some	record breakers			tree rules
2	freeze	present	a wood frog		winter	solid property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	hop away	present	a wood frog not said here		spring	away property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	is	present	a Goliath frog from Cameroon			as a cat; big property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:032-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders.lesson:3.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/3/