Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders, sentence 4

Many old stories about them are wrong: toads do not give you warts, and salamanders are not born in fire, they just ran out of damp logs thrown on the fire.

Who acts: Many old stories, toads, Frogs · What happens: be, not give, not bear, run, throw · To what, where: warts, you, salamanders, fire, damp logs

This is a sentence of the lesson «Frogs, toads, newts and salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many old stories, toads, Frogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stories	amod
2	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 stories	amod
3	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 wrong	nsubj
4	about	about	ADP	_	5 them	case
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 stories	nmod
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 wrong	cop
7	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	12 give	punct
9	toads	toad	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 give	nsubj
10	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 give	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 give	advmod
12	give	give	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 wrong	parataxis
13	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	12 give	iobj
14	warts	wart	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 give	obj
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 born	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 born	cc
17	salamanders	salamander	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 born	nsubj:pass
18	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 born	aux:pass
19	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	20 born	advmod
20	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 give	conj
21	in	in	ADP	_	22 fire	case
22	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 born	obl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 ran	punct
24	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 ran	nsubj
25	just	just	ADV	_	26 ran	advmod
26	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 wrong	conj
27	out	out	ADP	_	30 logs	case
28	of	of	ADP	_	27 out	fixed
29	damp	damp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 logs	amod
30	logs	log	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 ran	obl
31	thrown	throw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	30 logs	acl
32	on	on	ADP	_	34 fire	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 fire	det
34	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 thrown	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 wrong	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	Many old stories about Frogs				wrong property	tree rules
2	not give	present · do-support	toads	warts	you			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient wart=Theme
3	not bear	present · passive		salamanders		fire		vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
4	run	past	Frogs = frog			damp logs		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out log=Trajectory
5	throw	participle		damp logs not said here		the fire		vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent on fire=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:032-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/32-frogs-toads-newts-and-salamanders/4/