The garden in winter: bare trees, tracks in the snow and who sleeps where, sentence 8
Small birds such as sparrows hop and leave pairs of prints, pigeons and crows walk and leave one print after another, and blackbirds can both hop and run.
Who acts: Small birds, pigeons, blackbirds · What happens: hop, leave, walk, run · To what, where: pairs, one print
This is a sentence of the lesson «The garden in winter: bare trees, tracks in the snow and who sleeps where» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Small birds, pigeons, blackbirds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 birds | amod |
| 2 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 hop | nsubj |
| 3 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 5 sparrows | case |
| 4 | as | as | ADP | _ | 3 such | fixed |
| 5 | sparrows | sparrow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 birds | nmod |
| 6 | hop | hop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 leave | cc |
| 8 | leave | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 hop | conj |
| 9 | pairs | pair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 leave | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 prints | case |
| 11 | prints | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 pairs | nmod | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 pigeons | punct |
| 13 | pigeons | pigeon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 walk | nsubj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 crows | cc |
| 15 | crows | crow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 pigeons | conj |
| 16 | walk | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 hop | conj |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 leave | cc |
| 18 | leave | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 walk | conj |
| 19 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 20 print | nummod |
| 20 | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 leave | obj | ||
| 21 | after | after | ADP | _ | 22 another | case |
| 22 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 18 leave | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 hop | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 hop | cc |
| 25 | blackbirds | blackbird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 hop | nsubj |
| 26 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 hop | aux |
| 27 | both | both | CCONJ | _ | 28 hop | cc:preconj |
| 28 | hop | hop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 hop | conj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 run | cc |
| 30 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 hop | conj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 hop | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hop | present | Small birds such sparrows | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | leave | present | Small birds such sparrows not said here | pairs of prints | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pair=Theme | ||||
| 3 | walk | present | pigeons and crows | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | leave | present | pigeons and crows not said here | one print | after another | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent print=Theme | |||
| 5 | hop | can | blackbirds | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | run | infinitive | blackbirds not said here | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:336-the-garden-in-winter-bare-trees-tracks-in-the-snow-and-who-sleeps-where.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/336-the-garden-in-winter-bare-trees-tracks-in-the-snow-and-who-sleeps-where/8/