Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt, sentence 18

Only some cheeses, like Emmental, have holes; they are gas bubbles made by bacteria, and Swiss scientists reported that specks of hay dust in the milk help them start.

Who acts: cheeses, litres, Swiss scientists, specks · What happens: have, be, make, report, help, start · To what, where: holes, gas bubbles, litres

This is a sentence of the lesson «Where milk comes from: cow to carton, cheese, butter and yoghurt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cheeses, litres, Swiss scientists, specks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

Pragmatics

form

statement

act

assert

voice

narrator

polarity

none

teacher

changed polarity=none

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/341-where-milk-comes-from-cow-to-carton-cheese-butter-and-yoghurt/18/