Fruit: how apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries and grapes grow, sentence 14

In hot countries oranges can be ripe and sweet while still green, because the skin turns orange only when cool nights break down the green colour.

Who acts: oranges, skin, cool nights · What happens: be, turn, break down · To what, where: hot countries, green colour

This is a sentence of the lesson «Fruit: how apples, bananas, oranges, strawberries and grapes grow» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (oranges, skin, cool nights), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 countries	case
2	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 countries	amod
3	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 ripe	obl
4	oranges	orange	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 ripe	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 ripe	aux
6	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 ripe	cop
7	ripe	ripe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 sweet	cc
9	sweet	sweet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ripe	conj
10	while	while	SCONJ	_	12 green	mark
11	still	still	ADV	_	12 green	advmod
12	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ripe	advcl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 turns	punct
14	because	because	SCONJ	_	17 turns	mark
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 skin	det
16	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 turns	nsubj
17	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 ripe	advcl
18	orange	orange	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 turns	xcomp
19	only	only	ADV	_	23 break	advmod
20	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	23 break	advmod
21	cool	cool	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 nights	amod
22	nights	night	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 break	nsubj
23	break	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 turns	advcl
24	down	down	ADP	_	23 break	compound:prt
25	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 colour	det
26	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 colour	amod
27	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 break	obj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 ripe	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	can	oranges		hot countries	ripe property	tree rules
2	be		oranges not said here				tree rules
3	turn	present	the skin			orange property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
4	break down	present	cool nights	the green colour			vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:346-fruit-how-apples-bananas-oranges-strawberries-and-grapes-grow.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/346-fruit-how-apples-bananas-oranges-strawberries-and-grapes-grow/14/