Sugar, chocolate, tea and coffee: the plants behind treats, sentence 15
In Mexico and Central America cocoa was drunk bitter, frothy and sometimes spicy, and the Aztecs used cocoa beans as money; today most cocoa grows in West Africa, especially Ivory Coast and Ghana.
Who acts: Aztecs, most cocoa · What happens: drunk, use, grow · To what, where: cocoa, Mexico, cocoa beans, West Africa
This is a sentence of the lesson «Sugar, chocolate, tea and coffee: the plants behind treats» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aztecs, most cocoa), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 Mexico | case |
| 2 | Mexico | Mexico | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 drunk | obl |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 America | cc |
| 4 | Central | Central | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 America | amod |
| 5 | America | America | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Mexico | conj |
| 6 | cocoa | cocoa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 drunk | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 drunk | aux:pass |
| 8 | drunk | drunk | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 drunk | xcomp |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 frothy | punct |
| 11 | frothy | frothy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 bitter | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 spicy | cc |
| 13 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 14 spicy | advmod |
| 14 | spicy | spicy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 bitter | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 used | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 used | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 Aztecs | det |
| 18 | Aztecs | Aztec | PROPN | Number=Plur | 19 used | nsubj |
| 19 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 drunk | conj |
| 20 | cocoa | cocoa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 beans | compound |
| 21 | beans | bean | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 used | obj |
| 22 | as | as | ADP | _ | 23 money | case |
| 23 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 used | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 drunk | punct |
| 25 | today | today | ADV | _ | 28 grows | advmod |
| 26 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 27 cocoa | amod |
| 27 | cocoa | cocoa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 grows | nsubj |
| 28 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 drunk | parataxis |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 Africa | case |
| 30 | West | West | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Africa | compound |
| 31 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 grows | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 Coast | punct |
| 33 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 35 Coast | advmod |
| 34 | Ivory | ivory | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Coast | compound |
| 35 | Coast | Coast | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Africa | appos |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 Ghana | cc |
| 37 | Ghana | Ghana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Coast | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 drunk | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drunk | past · passive | cocoa | Mexico and Central America | bitter property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | use | past | the Aztecs | cocoa beans | as money | vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent bean=Duration as money=Attribute | |||
| 3 | grow | present | most cocoa | West Africa | today property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in africa=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:347-sugar-chocolate-tea-and-coffee-the-plants-behind-treats.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/347-sugar-chocolate-tea-and-coffee-the-plants-behind-treats/15/