Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn, sentence 10

Dogs sweat only a little, through their paws, and cool down mainly by panting; pigs barely sweat at all, so they roll in mud to keep cool.

Who acts: Dogs, pigs · What happens: sweat, cool down, pant, roll, keep · To what, where: little, paws, all, mud

This is a sentence of the lesson «Skin: layers, sweat, goosebumps, freckles and sunburn» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dogs, pigs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sweat	nsubj
2	sweat	sweat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 little	advmod
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 little	det
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 sweat	obl:unmarked
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 paws	punct
7	through	through	ADP	_	9 paws	case
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 paws	nmod:poss
9	paws	paw	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sweat	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 cool	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 cool	cc
12	cool	cool	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sweat	conj
13	down	down	ADP	_	12 cool	compound:prt
14	mainly	mainly	ADV	_	12 cool	advmod
15	by	by	SCONJ	_	16 panting	mark
16	panting	pant	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 cool	advcl
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	2 sweat	punct
18	pigs	pig	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 sweat	nsubj
19	barely	barely	ADV	_	20 sweat	advmod
20	sweat	sweat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sweat	parataxis
21	at	at	ADP	_	22 all	case
22	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	20 sweat	obl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	26 roll	punct
24	so	so	ADV	_	26 roll	advmod
25	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 roll	nsubj
26	roll	roll	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sweat	conj
27	in	in	ADP	_	28 mud	case
28	mud	mud	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 roll	obl
29	to	to	PART	_	30 keep	mark
30	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	26 roll	advcl
31	cool	cool	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 keep	xcomp
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sweat	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	sweat	present	Dogs	a little	Dogs's paws		vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through paw=Location
2	cool down	present	Dogs not said here			mainly property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	pant	gerund	Dogs not said here				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	sweat	present	pigs		all	barely property	vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	roll	present	pigs = pig		mud		vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in mud=Trajectory
6	keep	to-infinitive	pigs = pig not said here			cool property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/353-skin-layers-sweat-goosebumps-freckles-and-sunburn/10/