Bones by name: shoulders, arms and hands, sentence 7
The upper arm bone is the humerus, and the funny bone is really a nerve running past the elbow, whose tingling runs down into the little finger; the name is a pun on humerus and humorous.
Who acts: upper arm bone, funny bone, nerve, tingling, name · What happens: be, run, run down · To what, where: humerus, nerve, elbow, little finger, pun
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bones by name: shoulders, arms and hands» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (upper arm bone, funny bone, nerve, tingling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 bone | det |
| 2 | upper | upper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 bone | amod |
| 3 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 bone | compound |
| 4 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 humerus | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 humerus | cop |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 humerus | det |
| 7 | humerus | humerus | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 nerve | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 nerve | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 bone | det |
| 11 | funny | funny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 bone | amod |
| 12 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 nerve | nsubj |
| 13 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 nerve | cop |
| 14 | really | really | ADV | _ | 16 nerve | advmod |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 nerve | det |
| 16 | nerve | nerve | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 humerus | conj |
| 17 | running | run | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 nerve | acl |
| 18 | past | past | ADP | _ | 20 elbow | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 elbow | det |
| 20 | elbow | elbow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 running | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 down | punct |
| 22 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 23 tingling | nmod:poss |
| 23 | tingling | tingling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 runs | nsubj |
| 24 | runs | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 nerve | acl:relcl |
| 25 | down | down | ADV | _ | 24 runs | advmod |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 29 finger | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 finger | det |
| 28 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 finger | amod |
| 29 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 runs | obl |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 pun | punct |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 name | det |
| 32 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 pun | nsubj |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 pun | cop |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 pun | det |
| 35 | pun | pun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 humerus | parataxis |
| 36 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 humerus | case |
| 37 | humerus | humerus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 pun | nmod |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 humorous | cc |
| 39 | humorous | humorous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 pun | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 humerus | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the upper arm bone | the humerus and a nerve | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | the funny bone | a nerve | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | run | gerund | a nerve not said here | the elbow | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme past elbow=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | run down | present | tingling | into the little finger result; down property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into finger=Result | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | the name | a pun | humerus | tree rules | |||
| 6 | be | the name not said here | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:358-bones-by-name-shoulders-arms-and-hands.lesson:7.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/358-bones-by-name-shoulders-arms-and-hands/7/