Bones by name: hips, legs and feet, and the extra bones of a baby, sentence 6
The shin bone, the tibia, lies just under the skin with little padding, which is why kicks hurt and footballers wear shin guards; the thin fibula runs beside it.
Who acts: shin bone, kicks, thin fibula · What happens: lie, be, hurt, wear, run · To what, where: skin, kicks, shin guards, padding
This is a sentence of the lesson «Bones by name: hips, legs and feet, and the extra bones of a baby» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shin bone, kicks, thin fibula), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 bone | det |
| 2 | shin | shin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bone | compound |
| 3 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lies | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 tibia | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 tibia | det |
| 6 | tibia | tibia | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bone | appos |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 bone | punct |
| 8 | lies | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | just | just | ADV | _ | 12 skin | advmod |
| 10 | under | under | ADP | _ | 12 skin | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 skin | det |
| 12 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lies | obl |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 padding | case |
| 14 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 padding | amod |
| 15 | padding | padding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lies | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 wear | punct |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 why | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 why | cop |
| 19 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 wear | advmod |
| 20 | kicks | kick | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 wear | nsubj |
| 21 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 kicks | acl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 footballers | cc |
| 23 | footballers | footballer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 kicks | conj |
| 24 | wear | wear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 padding | conj |
| 25 | shin | shin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 guards | compound |
| 26 | guards | guard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 wear | obj |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 runs | punct |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 fibula | det |
| 29 | thin | thin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 fibula | amod |
| 30 | fibula | fibula | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 runs | nsubj |
| 31 | runs | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 lies | parataxis |
| 32 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 33 it | case |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 runs | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 lies | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | present | the shin bone | the skin | with little padding | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under skin=Location | |||
| 2 | is | present | why property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | hurt | participle | kicks and footballers not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | wear | present | kicks and footballers | shin guards | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent guard=Source | ||||
| 5 | run | present | the thin fibula | padding | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beside it=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:359-bones-by-name-hips-legs-and-feet-and-the-extra-bones-of-a-baby.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/359-bones-by-name-hips-legs-and-feet-and-the-extra-bones-of-a-baby/6/