Insects: six legs, three parts; ants, bees and wasps, sentence 6

Insects have a hard outside skeleton called an exoskeleton, and to grow they moult, splitting it and climbing out in a new soft one.

Who acts: Insects, hard outside skeleton, legs · What happens: have, call, grow, moult, split, climb out · To what, where: hard outside skeleton, exoskeleton, insect · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects: six legs, three parts; ants, bees and wasps» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Insects, hard outside skeleton, legs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 skeleton	det
4	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 skeleton	amod
5	outside	outside	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 skeleton	amod
6	skeleton	skeleton	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 have	obj
7	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	6 skeleton	acl
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 exoskeleton	det
9	exoskeleton	exoskeleton	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 called	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 moult	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 moult	cc
12	to	to	PART	_	13 grow	mark
13	grow	grow	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 moult	advcl
14	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 moult	nsubj
15	moult	moult	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 have	conj
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 splitting	punct
17	splitting	split	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	15 moult	advcl
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 splitting	obj
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 climbing	cc
20	climbing	climb	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	17 splitting	conj
21	out	out	ADV	_	20 climbing	advmod
22	in	in	ADP	_	26 one	case
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 one	det
24	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 one	amod
25	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	26 one	amod
26	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 climbing	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	Insects	a hard outside skeleton		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skeleton=Patient
2	call	participle	a hard outside skeleton not said here	a exoskeleton		vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent exoskeleton=Recipient
3	grow	to-infinitive	legs = leg not said here			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	moult	present	legs = leg			vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	split	gerund	legs = leg not said here	insect		vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
6	climb out	gerund	legs = leg not said here		in a new soft one; out property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in one=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:036-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/36-insects-six-legs-ants-bees-and-wasps/6/