Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping flea and the leggiest millipede, sentence 2

That is why a beetle can pull a thousand times its weight while an elephant can only just carry a few people, and why a giant ant from a film would collapse under its own weight.

Who acts: That, beetle, elephant, giant ant · What happens: be, pull, carry, collapse · To what, where: weight, few people, own weight

This is a sentence of the lesson «Tiny champions: the strongest beetle, the highest-jumping flea and the leggiest millipede» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (That, beetle, elephant, giant ant), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 why	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 why	cop
3	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 pull	advmod
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 beetle	det
5	beetle	beetle	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pull	nsubj
6	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 pull	aux
7	pull	pull	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 thousand	det
9	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 times	nummod
10	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 pull	obl:unmarked
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 weight	nmod:poss
12	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pull	obj
13	while	while	SCONJ	_	19 carry	mark
14	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 elephant	det
15	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 carry	nsubj
16	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	19 carry	aux
17	only	only	ADV	_	19 carry	advmod
18	just	just	ADV	_	19 carry	advmod
19	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 pull	advcl
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 people	det
21	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 people	amod
22	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 carry	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 collapse	punct
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 collapse	cc
25	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	33 collapse	advmod
26	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	28 ant	det
27	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 ant	amod
28	ant	ant	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 collapse	nsubj
29	from	from	ADP	_	31 film	case
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 film	det
31	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 ant	nmod
32	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	33 collapse	aux
33	collapse	collapse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	19 carry	conj
34	under	under	ADP	_	37 weight	case
35	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	37 weight	nmod:poss
36	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	37 weight	amod
37	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 collapse	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 why	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	That				why property	tree rules
2	pull	can	a beetle	ant's weight		time		vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent weight=Theme
3	carry	can	a elephant	a few people				vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Theme
4	collapse	would	a giant ant from a film		ant's own weight			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/365-tiny-champions-the-strongest-beetle-the-highest-jumping-flea-and-the-leggiest-millipede/2/