Big wild animals in cities: wild boar, deer, coyotes, monkeys and leopards, sentence 16

Animals that learn fast and eat almost anything do best in cities, and scientists have found many city animals are bolder than their country cousins.

Who acts: Animals, scientists · What happens: learn, eat, find, be · To what, where: anything, many city animals · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Big wild animals in cities: wild boar, deer, coyotes, monkeys and leopards» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Animals, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 do	nsubj
2	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 learn	nsubj
3	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Animals	acl:relcl
4	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 learn	advmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 eat	cc
6	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 learn	conj
7	almost	almost	ADV	_	8 anything	advmod
8	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 eat	obj
9	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 best	aux
10	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 cities	case
12	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 do	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 found	punct
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 found	cc
15	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 found	nsubj
16	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 found	aux
17	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	9 do	conj
18	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 animals	amod
19	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 animals	compound
20	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 found	obj
21	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 bolder	cop
22	bolder	bold	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	17 found	ccomp
23	than	than	ADP	_	26 cousins	case
24	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	26 cousins	nmod:poss
25	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 cousins	compound
26	cousins	cousin	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 bolder	obl
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 do	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	learn	present	Animals		fast property	vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	eat	present	Animals not said here	anything		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Patient
3	find	present · perfect	scientists	many city animals		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Topic
4	is	present			than scientists's country cousins; bold property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:368-big-wild-animals-in-cities-wild-boar-deer-coyotes-monkeys-and-leopards.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/368-big-wild-animals-in-cities-wild-boar-deer-coyotes-monkeys-and-leopards/16/