Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers, sentence 11
The bombardier beetle mixes two chemicals in its body to make a spray of about 100 degrees that it shoots from its tail end.
Who acts: bombardier beetle, kind · What happens: mix, make, shoot · To what, where: two chemicals, body, spray, 100 degrees, tail end
This is a sentence of the lesson «Insects: butterflies, beetles, flies, mosquitoes, grasshoppers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bombardier beetle, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 beetle | det |
| 2 | bombardier | bombardier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 beetle | compound |
| 3 | beetle | beetle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 mixes | nsubj |
| 4 | mixes | mix | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 chemicals | nummod |
| 6 | chemicals | chemical | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 mixes | obj |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 body | case |
| 8 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 body | nmod:poss |
| 9 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 mixes | obl |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 make | mark |
| 11 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 mixes | advcl |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 spray | det |
| 13 | spray | spray | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 make | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 degrees | case |
| 15 | about | about | ADV | _ | 16 100 | advmod |
| 16 | 100 | 100 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 17 degrees | nummod |
| 17 | degrees | degree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 spray | nmod |
| 18 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 shoots | obj |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 shoots | nsubj |
| 20 | shoots | shoot | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 degrees | acl:relcl |
| 21 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 end | case |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 end | nmod:poss |
| 23 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 end | compound |
| 24 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shoots | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 mixes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mix | present | the bombardier beetle | two chemicals | kind's body | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chemical=Patient | |||
| 2 | make | to-infinitive | the bombardier beetle not said here | a spray of 100 degrees | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset spray=Product | ||||
| 3 | shoot | present | kind | 100 degrees | from kind's tail end | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent that=Theme from end=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:037-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/37-butterflies-beetles-flies-mosquitoes-grasshoppers/11/