Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears, sentence 12
The Eurasian lynx lives in the Carpathians and Polissia, is rare and protected, has big furry snowshoe paws, a short stubby tail and two black ear tufts, and hunts hares and roe deer.
Who acts: Eurasian lynx · What happens: live, be, protect, have, hunt · To what, where: Carpathians, big furry snowshoe paws
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's forests: bison, elk, lynx, wolves and Carpathian brown bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Eurasian lynx), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 lynx | det |
| 2 | Eurasian | eurasian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 lynx | amod |
| 3 | lynx | lynx | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lives | nsubj |
| 4 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 Carpathians | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Carpathians | det |
| 7 | Carpathians | carpathian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 4 lives | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 Polissia | cc |
| 9 | Polissia | Polissia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Carpathians | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 rare | punct |
| 11 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 rare | cop |
| 12 | rare | rare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 lives | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 protected | cc |
| 14 | protected | protect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 rare | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 has | punct |
| 16 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 lives | conj |
| 17 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 paws | amod |
| 18 | furry | furry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 paws | amod |
| 19 | snowshoe | snowshoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 paws | compound |
| 20 | paws | paw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 has | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 tail | punct |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 tail | det |
| 23 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 tail | amod |
| 24 | stubby | stubby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 tail | compound |
| 25 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 paws | conj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 tufts | cc |
| 27 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 tufts | nummod |
| 28 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 tufts | amod |
| 29 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 tufts | compound |
| 30 | tufts | tuft | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 paws | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 hares | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 hunts | cc |
| 33 | hunts | hunt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 lives | conj |
| 34 | hares | hare | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 paws | obj |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 deer | cc |
| 36 | roe | roe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 deer | compound |
| 37 | deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 hares | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 lives | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | the Eurasian lynx | the Carpathians and Polissia | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in carpathian=Location | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the Eurasian lynx not said here | rare property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | protect | participle | the Eurasian lynx not said here | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | have | present | the Eurasian lynx not said here | big furry snowshoe paws and a short stubby tail and two black ear tufts | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paw=Patient | ||||
| 5 | hunt | present | the Eurasian lynx not said here | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/372-ukraine-s-forests-bison-elk-lynx-wolves-and-carpathian-brown-bears/12/