Ukraine's steppe: marmots, sousliks, great bustards and Askania-Nova, sentence 10
Before winter marmots get very fat; then their heart slows to a few beats a minute, the body cools, the family sleeps together for warmth and they plug the burrow with grass and earth.
Who acts: winter marmots, heart, body, family, burrows · What happens: get, slow, cool, sleep together, plug · To what, where: burrow
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's steppe: marmots, sousliks, great bustards and Askania-Nova» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (winter marmots, heart, body, family), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Before | before | SCONJ | _ | 4 get | mark |
| 2 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 marmots | compound |
| 3 | marmots | marmot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 get | nsubj |
| 4 | get | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 slows | advcl |
| 5 | very | very | ADV | _ | 6 fat | advmod |
| 6 | fat | fat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 get | xcomp |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 4 get | punct |
| 8 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 11 slows | advmod |
| 9 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 heart | nmod:poss |
| 10 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 slows | nsubj |
| 11 | slows | slow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 beats | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 beats | det |
| 14 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 beats | amod |
| 15 | beats | beat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 slows | obl |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 minute | det |
| 17 | minute | minute | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 beats | obl:unmarked |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 cools | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 body | det |
| 20 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 cools | nsubj |
| 21 | cools | cool | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 slows | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 sleeps | punct |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 family | det |
| 24 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 sleeps | nsubj |
| 25 | sleeps | sleep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 slows | conj |
| 26 | together | together | ADV | _ | 25 sleeps | advmod |
| 27 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 warmth | case |
| 28 | warmth | warmth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 sleeps | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 plug | cc |
| 30 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 plug | nsubj |
| 31 | plug | plug | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 slows | conj |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 burrow | det |
| 33 | burrow | burrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 plug | obj |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 35 grass | case |
| 35 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 plug | obl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 earth | cc |
| 37 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 grass | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 slows | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | get | present | winter marmots | fat property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | slow | present | burrows's heart | then | to a few beats | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||
| 3 | cool | present | the body | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | sleep together | present | the family | for warmth; together property | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | plug | present | burrows = burrow | the burrow | with grass and earth | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent burrow=Destination with grass=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:373-ukraine-s-steppe-marmots-sousliks-great-bustards-and-askania-nova.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/373-ukraine-s-steppe-marmots-sousliks-great-bustards-and-askania-nova/10/