Ukraine's plants: sunflowers, viburnum, poppies, lime trees and steppe grasses, sentence 11

Kalyna, guelder rose or viburnum, is a symbol of Ukraine; its berries are very bitter until frosts soften them, birds eat them in winter, and each berry has one flat seed.

Who acts: Kalyna, berries, frosts, birds, berry · What happens: be, soften, eat, have · To what, where: symbol, berries, one flat seed

This is a sentence of the lesson «Ukraine's plants: sunflowers, viburnum, poppies, lime trees and steppe grasses» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kalyna, berries, frosts, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kalyna	Kalyna	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 symbol	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 rose	punct
3	guelder	guelder	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rose	compound
4	rose	rose	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Kalyna	conj
5	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 viburnum	cc
6	viburnum	viburnum	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rose	conj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Kalyna	punct
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 symbol	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 symbol	det
10	symbol	symbol	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 Ukraine	case
12	Ukraine	Ukraine	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 symbol	nmod
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 bitter	punct
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 berries	nmod:poss
15	berries	berry	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 bitter	nsubj
16	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 bitter	cop
17	very	very	ADV	_	18 bitter	advmod
18	bitter	bitter	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 symbol	parataxis
19	until	until	SCONJ	_	21 soften	mark
20	frosts	frost	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 soften	nsubj
21	soften	soften	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 bitter	advcl
22	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 soften	obj
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 eat	punct
24	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 eat	nsubj
25	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 soften	conj
26	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 eat	obj
27	in	in	ADP	_	28 winter	case
28	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 eat	obl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 has	punct
30	and	and	CCONJ	_	33 has	cc
31	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	32 berry	det
32	berry	berry	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 has	nsubj
33	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 soften	conj
34	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	36 seed	nummod
35	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 seed	amod
36	seed	seed	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 has	obj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 symbol	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Kalyna and guelder rose or viburnum	a symbol		of Ukraine	tree rules
2	is	present	viburnum's berries			bitter property	tree rules
3	soften	present	frosts	berries = berry			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient
4	eat	present	birds	berries = berry	winter		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient
5	have	present	each berry	one flat seed			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seed=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:377-ukraine-s-plants-sunflowers-viburnum-poppies-lime-trees-and-steppe-grasses.lesson:11.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/377-ukraine-s-plants-sunflowers-viburnum-poppies-lime-trees-and-steppe-grasses/11/