China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders, sentence 17
The Chinese giant salamander is the largest amphibian in the world, reported up to about 1.8 metres long; it lives in cold, fast mountain streams and catches fish, crabs and frogs.
Who acts: Chinese giant salamander, largest amphibian, salamander · What happens: be, report up, live, catch · To what, where: largest amphibian, world, 1.8 metres, cold fast mountain streams, fish
This is a sentence of the lesson «China's mountains: golden snub-nosed monkeys, takins, red-crowned cranes and giant salamanders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chinese giant salamander, largest amphibian, salamander), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 salamander | det |
| 2 | Chinese | Chinese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 salamander | amod |
| 3 | giant | giant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 salamander | compound |
| 4 | salamander | salamander | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 amphibian | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 amphibian | cop |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 amphibian | det |
| 7 | largest | large | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 8 amphibian | amod |
| 8 | amphibian | amphibian | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 world | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 world | det |
| 11 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 amphibian | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 reported | punct |
| 13 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 amphibian | acl |
| 14 | up | up | ADP | _ | 13 reported | compound:prt |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 up | fixed |
| 16 | about | about | ADV | _ | 17 1.8 | advmod |
| 17 | 1.8 | 1.8 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Frac | 18 metres | nummod |
| 18 | metres | metre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 reported | obl |
| 19 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 metres | amod |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 lives | punct |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 lives | nsubj |
| 22 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 amphibian | conj |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 streams | case |
| 24 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 streams | amod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 streams | punct |
| 26 | fast | fast | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 streams | amod |
| 27 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 streams | compound |
| 28 | streams | stream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 lives | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 catches | cc |
| 30 | catches | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 lives | conj |
| 31 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 catches | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 crabs | punct |
| 33 | crabs | crab | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 fish | conj |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 frogs | cc |
| 35 | frogs | frog | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 fish | conj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 amphibian | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed polarity=none
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the Chinese giant salamander | the largest amphibian | the world | tree rules | |||
| 2 | report up | participle | the largest amphibian not said here | 1.8 metres | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | live | present | salamander | cold fast mountain streams | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in stream=Location | ||||
| 4 | catch | present | salamander not said here | fish and crabs and frogs | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/378-china-s-mountains-golden-snub-nosed-monkeys-takins-red-crowned-cranes-and-giant-salamanders/17/