Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory, sentence 16

Apes have five fingers on each hand and five toes on each foot, with a grasping big toe; a chimp's thumb is shorter than ours.

Who acts: Apes, thumb · What happens: have, grasp, be · To what, where: five fingers, hand

This is a sentence of the lesson «Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Apes, thumb), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Apes	ape	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 fingers	nummod
4	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 hand	case
6	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	7 hand	det
7	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fingers	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 toes	cc
9	five	five	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 toes	nummod
10	toes	toe	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fingers	conj
11	on	on	ADP	_	13 foot	case
12	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	13 foot	det
13	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 toes	nmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 toe	punct
15	with	with	ADP	_	19 toe	case
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 toe	det
17	grasping	grasp	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	19 toe	amod
18	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 toe	amod
19	toe	toe	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 foot	conj
20	;	;	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 chimp	det
22	chimp	chimp	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 thumb	nmod:poss
23	's	's	PART	_	22 chimp	case
24	thumb	thumb	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 shorter	nsubj
25	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 shorter	cop
26	shorter	short	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 have	parataxis
27	than	than	ADP	_	28 ours	case
28	ours	our	PRON	Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	26 shorter	obl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 have	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	Apes	five fingers and five toes on each foot and a grasping big toe	each hand		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Patient
2	grasp	gerund					vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
3	is	present	a chimp's thumb			than ours; short property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory/16/