Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory, sentence 18

Koko the gorilla used many signs, but scientists still argue how much she understood, so careful tests are needed.

Who acts: Koko, scientists, gorilla · What happens: use, argue, understand, need · To what, where: many signs, much, careful tests · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Clever primates: tool-using chimps, Kanzi the bonobo and Ayumu's memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Koko, scientists, gorilla), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Koko	Koko	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 used	nsubj
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 gorilla	det
3	gorilla	gorilla	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 used	nsubj
4	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 signs	amod
6	signs	sign	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 used	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 argue	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 argue	cc
9	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 argue	nsubj
10	still	still	ADV	_	11 argue	advmod
11	argue	argue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 used	conj
12	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	13 much	advmod
13	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 understood	obj
14	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 understood	nsubj
15	understood	understand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 argue	ccomp
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 needed	punct
17	so	so	ADV	_	21 needed	advmod
18	careful	careful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 tests	amod
19	tests	test	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 needed	nsubj:pass
20	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 needed	aux:pass
21	needed	need	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 used	conj
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 used	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	use	past	Koko	many signs		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sign=Patient
2	argue speech: disagree	present	scientists		still	vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	understand	past	gorilla	much		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer much=Stimulus
4	need	present · passive		careful tests		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/387-clever-primates-tool-using-chimps-kanzi-the-bonobo-and-ayumu-s-memory/18/