How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds that nap in the air, sentence 14

Chinstrap penguins guarding nests were reported to take over ten thousand tiny naps a day, each a few seconds long, adding up to about eleven hours.

Who acts: Chinstrap penguins · What happens: guard, report, take over, add up · To what, where: nests, Chinstrap penguins, thousand tiny naps

This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals sleep: half-asleep dolphins, standing horses, short-sleeping giraffes and birds that nap in the air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chinstrap penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chinstrap	chinstrap	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 penguins	compound
2	penguins	penguin	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 reported	nsubj:pass
3	guarding	guard	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 penguins	acl
4	nests	nest	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 guarding	obj
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 reported	aux:pass
6	reported	report	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	to	to	PART	_	8 take	mark
8	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 reported	xcomp
9	over	over	ADV	_	11 thousand	advmod
10	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 thousand	compound
11	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 naps	nummod
12	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 naps	amod
13	naps	nap	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 take	obj
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 day	det
15	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 naps	nmod:unmarked
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 each	punct
17	each	each	PRON	PronType=Tot	21 long	nsubj
18	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 seconds	det
19	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 seconds	amod
20	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 long	obl:unmarked
21	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 reported	advcl
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 adding	punct
23	adding	add	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 take	advcl
24	up	up	ADP	_	23 adding	compound:prt
25	to	to	ADP	_	28 hours	case
26	about	about	ADV	_	27 eleven	advmod
27	eleven	eleven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	28 hours	nummod
28	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 adding	obl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 reported	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	guard	gerund	Chinstrap penguins not said here	nests		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Beneficiary
2	report	past · passive		Chinstrap penguins		tree rules
3	take over	to-infinitive		thousand tiny naps a day		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nap=Theme
4	add up speech: assert	gerund			hour	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air.lesson:14.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/390-how-animals-sleep-half-asleep-dolphins-standing-horses-short-sleeping-giraffes-and-birds-that-nap-in-the-air/14/