Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew and nightshade, sentence 11
Foxgloves, tall spikes of purple finger-shaped bells, are poisonous because chemicals in them change how the heart beats; the same chemicals, carefully measured by doctors, became an old heart medicine.
Who acts: Foxgloves, chemicals, heart, same chemicals, purple shaped bells · What happens: shape, be, change, beat, measure, become · To what, where: finger, same chemicals, old heart medicine
This is a sentence of the lesson «Poisonous plants to stay away from: berries, foxglove, yew and nightshade» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Foxgloves, chemicals, heart, same chemicals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Foxgloves | foxglove | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 poisonous | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 spikes | punct |
| 3 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 spikes | amod |
| 4 | spikes | spike | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Foxgloves | conj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 bells | case |
| 6 | purple | purple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 bells | amod |
| 7 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 shaped | obl:unmarked |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 finger | punct |
| 9 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 bells | amod |
| 10 | bells | bell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 spikes | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Foxgloves | punct |
| 12 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 poisonous | cop |
| 13 | poisonous | poisonous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 14 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 18 change | mark |
| 15 | chemicals | chemical | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 change | nsubj |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 them | case |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 chemicals | nmod |
| 18 | change | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 poisonous | advcl |
| 19 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 beats | advmod |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 heart | det |
| 21 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 beats | nsubj |
| 22 | beats | beat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 change | advcl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 became | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 chemicals | det |
| 25 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 chemicals | amod |
| 26 | chemicals | chemical | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 became | nsubj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 measured | punct |
| 28 | carefully | carefully | ADV | _ | 29 measured | advmod |
| 29 | measured | measure | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 chemicals | acl:relcl |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 31 doctors | case |
| 31 | doctors | doctor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 measured | obl |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 chemicals | punct |
| 33 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 poisonous | conj |
| 34 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 medicine | det |
| 35 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 medicine | amod |
| 36 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 medicine | compound |
| 37 | medicine | medicine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 became | xcomp |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 poisonous | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shape | participle | finger | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 2 | is | present | Foxgloves and tall spikes of purple shaped bells | poisonous property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | change | present | chemicals in Foxgloves | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | beat | present | the heart | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | measure | participle | the same chemicals not said here | by doctors; carefully property | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | become | past | the same chemicals | a old heart medicine | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 7 | spike | purple shaped bells | nom spike «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/392-poisonous-plants-to-stay-away-from-berries-foxglove-yew-and-nightshade/11/