Mushrooms and creatures to avoid in the woods: death caps, adders, ticks and hornets, sentence 16

The grass snake, with two yellow patches behind its head, is harmless, loves water and frogs, and defends itself by hissing, giving off a bad smell or playing dead; it is still best to leave all snakes alone.

Who acts: grass snake · What happens: be, love, defend, hiss, give off, play · To what, where: water, snake, bad smell, snakes

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mushrooms and creatures to avoid in the woods: death caps, adders, ticks and hornets» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grass snake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 snake	det
2	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 snake	compound
3	snake	snake	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 harmless	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 snake	punct
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 patches	case
6	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 patches	nummod
7	yellow	yellow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 patches	amod
8	patches	patch	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 snake	nmod
9	behind	behind	ADP	_	11 head	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 head	nmod:poss
11	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 patches	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 snake	punct
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 harmless	cop
14	harmless	harmless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 loves	punct
16	loves	love	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 harmless	conj
17	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 loves	obj
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 frogs	cc
19	frogs	frog	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 water	conj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 defends	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	22 defends	cc
22	defends	defend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 harmless	conj
23	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	22 defends	obj
24	by	by	SCONJ	_	25 hissing	mark
25	hissing	hiss	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	22 defends	advcl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 giving	punct
27	giving	give	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	25 hissing	conj
28	off	off	ADP	_	27 giving	compound:prt
29	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	31 smell	det
30	bad	bad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 smell	amod
31	smell	smell	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 giving	obj
32	or	or	CCONJ	_	33 playing	cc
33	playing	play	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	27 giving	conj
34	dead	dead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 playing	xcomp
35	;	;	PUNCT	_	39 best	punct
36	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	39 best	expl
37	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	39 best	cop
38	still	still	ADV	_	39 best	advmod
39	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	14 harmless	parataxis
40	to	to	PART	_	41 leave	mark
41	leave	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	39 best	csubj
42	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	43 snakes	det
43	snakes	snake	NOUN	Number=Plur	41 leave	obj
44	alone	alone	ADV	_	41 leave	advmod
45	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 harmless	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: pos
teacher: changed polarity=pos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the grass snake with two yellow patches behind snake's head			harmless property	tree rules
2	love	present	the grass snake with two yellow patches behind snake's head not said here	water and frogs			vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer water=Stimulus
3	defend	present	the grass snake with two yellow patches behind snake's head not said here	snake			vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Beneficiary
4	hiss	gerund	the grass snake with two yellow patches behind snake's head not said here				vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	give off	gerund	the grass snake with two yellow patches behind snake's head not said here	a bad smell			vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source smell=Theme
6	play	gerund	the grass snake with two yellow patches behind snake's head not said here			dead property	vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7	is	present			still	good property	tree rules
8	leave	to-infinitive		all snakes		alone property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snake=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:393-mushrooms-and-creatures-to-avoid-in-the-woods-death-caps-adders-ticks-and-hornets.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/393-mushrooms-and-creatures-to-avoid-in-the-woods-death-caps-adders-ticks-and-hornets/16/