Pests: mice in the kitchen, cockroaches, clothes moths, fleas and head lice, sentence 19
Ants follow smell trails left by the first ant that found food, so wiping the trail with soapy water confuses them; ants are a nuisance but not dirty like cockroaches.
Who acts: Ants, first ant, wiping · What happens: follow, leave, find, wipe, confuse, be · To what, where: smell trails, food, trail, trails, nuisance
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pests: mice in the kitchen, cockroaches, clothes moths, fleas and head lice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ants, first ant, wiping), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 follow | nsubj |
| 2 | follow | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | smell | smell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 trails | compound |
| 4 | trails | trail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 follow | obj |
| 5 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 trails | acl |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 ant | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 ant | det |
| 8 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 9 ant | amod |
| 9 | ant | ant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 left | obl |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 found | nsubj |
| 11 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 ant | acl:relcl |
| 12 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 found | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 wiping | punct |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 wiping | advmod |
| 15 | wiping | wipe | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 confuses | csubj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 trail | det |
| 17 | trail | trail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 wiping | obj |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 water | case |
| 19 | soapy | soapy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 water | amod |
| 20 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 wiping | obl |
| 21 | confuses | confuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 follow | parataxis |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 confuses | obj |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 nuisance | punct |
| 24 | ants | ant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 nuisance | nsubj |
| 25 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 nuisance | cop |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 nuisance | det |
| 27 | nuisance | nuisance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 confuses | conj |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 30 dirty | cc |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 dirty | advmod |
| 30 | dirty | dirty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 nuisance | conj |
| 31 | like | like | ADP | _ | 32 cockroaches | case |
| 32 | cockroaches | cockroach | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 dirty | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 follow | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=assert
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | present | Ants | smell trails | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trail=Theme | ||||
| 2 | leave | participle | smell trails not said here | by the first ant | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by ant=Location | ||||
| 3 | find | past | the first ant | food | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Topic | ||||
| 4 | wipe | gerund | the trail | with soapy water | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent trail=Source | ||||
| 5 | confuse | present | wiping | trails = trail | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient | ||||
| 6 | is a | present | ants | a nuisance | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | not be | ants not said here | like cockroaches | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:397-pests-mice-in-the-kitchen-cockroaches-clothes-moths-fleas-and-head-lice.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/397-pests-mice-in-the-kitchen-cockroaches-clothes-moths-fleas-and-head-lice/19/