The big biology quiz, part 4: everything from lessons 301 to 399, sentence 7

An owl has four toes on each foot, and one outer toe can swing forward or back, so it can grip with two in front and two behind; owls cannot move their eyes in their sockets, so they turn their heads instead.

Who acts: owl, one outer toe, owls, toes · What happens: have, swing, grip, not move, turn · To what, where: four toes, foot, front, eyes, sockets, heads

This is a sentence of the lesson «The big biology quiz, part 4: everything from lessons 301 to 399» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (owl, one outer toe, owls, toes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 owl	det
2	owl	owl	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	four	four	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 toes	nummod
5	toes	toe	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 has	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 foot	case
7	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	8 foot	det
8	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 toes	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 swing	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 swing	cc
11	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 toe	nummod
12	outer	outer	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 toe	amod
13	toe	toe	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 swing	nsubj
14	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	15 swing	aux
15	swing	swing	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 has	conj
16	forward	forward	ADV	_	15 swing	advmod
17	or	or	CCONJ	_	18 back	cc
18	back	back	ADV	_	16 forward	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 grip	punct
20	so	so	ADV	_	23 grip	advmod
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 grip	nsubj
22	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	23 grip	aux
23	grip	grip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 swing	conj
24	with	with	ADP	_	25 two	case
25	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	23 grip	obl
26	in	in	ADP	_	27 front	case
27	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 grip	obl
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 two	cc
29	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	25 two	conj
30	behind	behind	ADV	_	29 two	advmod
31	;	;	PUNCT	_	35 move	punct
32	owls	owl	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 move	nsubj
33	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	35 move	aux
34	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	35 move	advmod
35	move	move	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 swing	conj
36	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	37 eyes	nmod:poss
37	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 move	obj
38	in	in	ADP	_	40 sockets	case
39	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	40 sockets	nmod:poss
40	sockets	socket	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 move	obl
41	,	,	PUNCT	_	44 turn	punct
42	so	so	ADV	_	44 turn	advmod
43	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	44 turn	nsubj
44	turn	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 swing	conj
45	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	46 heads	nmod:poss
46	heads	head	NOUN	Number=Plur	44 turn	obj
47	instead	instead	ADV	_	44 turn	advmod
48	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 has	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	a owl	four toes	each foot		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toe=Patient
2	swing	can	one outer toe			forward property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
3	grip	can	owl		front	with two	vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with two=Instrument
4	not move	can	owls	toes's eyes	toes's sockets		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent eye=Theme
5	turn	present	toes = toe	toes's heads		instead property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:400-the-big-biology-quiz-part-4-everything-from-lessons-301-to-399.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/400-the-big-biology-quiz-part-4-everything-from-lessons-301-to-399/7/