The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds, sentence 19
A kingfisher dives from a branch to catch small fish and nests in a tunnel in the bank; a moorhen is a black water bird with a red beak; a dabchick is the little grebe, a small bird that dives for its food.
Who acts: kingfisher, moorhen, dabchick, small bird · What happens: dive, catch, be · To what, where: branch, small fish, black water bird, little grebe
This is a sentence of the lesson «The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kingfisher, moorhen, dabchick, small bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 kingfisher | det |
| 2 | kingfisher | kingfisher | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dives | nsubj |
| 3 | dives | dive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 branch | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 branch | det |
| 6 | branch | branch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dives | obl |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 catch | mark |
| 8 | catch | catch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 dives | advcl |
| 9 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 fish | amod |
| 10 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 catch | obj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 nests | cc |
| 12 | nests | nest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 fish | conj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 tunnel | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 tunnel | det |
| 15 | tunnel | tunnel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 nests | obl |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 bank | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 bank | det |
| 18 | bank | bank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 tunnel | nmod |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 3 dives | punct |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 moorhen | det |
| 21 | moorhen | moorhen | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 bird | nsubj |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 bird | cop |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 bird | det |
| 24 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 bird | amod |
| 25 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 bird | compound |
| 26 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dives | parataxis |
| 27 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 beak | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 beak | det |
| 29 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 beak | amod |
| 30 | beak | beak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 bird | nmod |
| 31 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 grebe | punct |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 dabchick | det |
| 33 | dabchick | dabchick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 grebe | nsubj |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 grebe | cop |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 grebe | det |
| 36 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 grebe | amod |
| 37 | grebe | grebe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 dives | parataxis |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 bird | punct |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 bird | det |
| 40 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 bird | amod |
| 41 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 grebe | appos |
| 42 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 dives | nsubj |
| 43 | dives | dive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 41 bird | acl:relcl |
| 44 | for | for | ADP | _ | 46 food | case |
| 45 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 food | nmod:poss |
| 46 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 dives | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 dives | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dive | present | a kingfisher | a branch | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from branch=Location | ||||
| 2 | catch | to-infinitive | a kingfisher not said here | small fish and nests | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | a moorhen | a black water bird | with a red beak | tree rules | |||
| 4 | is a | present | a dabchick | the little grebe | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | dive | present | a small bird | for dabchick's food | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.theme NP.location»: agent=Agent for food=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds.lesson:19.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds/19/