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The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds, sentence 9

Water voles have vanished from most of the places in Britain where they once lived, mainly because American mink that escaped from fur farms hunt them in their burrows, and because river banks were cleared and walled.

Who acts: Water voles, places, American mink · What happens: vanish, live, escape, hunt, clear, wall · To what, where: most, fur farms, places, burrows, river banks

This is a sentence of the lesson «The real animals of the river bank: the water vole, the mole, the otter, the toad and the river birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Water voles, places, American mink), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

compoundnsubjauxcaseoblcasedetnmodcasenmodadvmodnsubjadvmodacl:relclpunctadvmodmarkamodnsubjnsubjacl:relclcasecompoundobladvclobjcasenmod:possoblpunctccmarkcompoundnsubj:passaux:passconjccconjpunctrootWaterNOUNvolesNOUNhaveAUXvanishedVERBfromADPmostADJofADPtheDETplacesNOUNinADPBritainPROPNwhereADVtheyPRONonceADVlivedVERB,PUNCTmainlyADVbecauseSCONJAmericanADJminkNOUNthatPRONescapedVERBfromADPfurNOUNfarmsNOUNhuntVERBthemPRONinADPtheirPRONburrowsNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJbecauseSCONJriverNOUNbanksNOUNwereAUXclearedVERBandCCONJwalledVERB.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1WaterwaterNOUNNumber=Sing2 volescompound
2volesvoleNOUNNumber=Plur4 vanishednsubj
3havehaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin4 vanishedaux
4vanishedvanishVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Partrootroot
5fromfromADP_9 placescase
6mostmostADJDegree=Sup4 vanishedobl
7ofofADP_9 placescase
8thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art9 placesdet
9placesplaceNOUNNumber=Plur6 mostnmod
10ininADP_11 Britaincase
11BritainBritainPROPNNumber=Sing9 placesnmod
12wherewhereADVPronType=Rel15 livedadvmod
13theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs15 livednsubj
14onceonceADVNumForm=Word NumType=Mult15 livedadvmod
15livedliveVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin9 placesacl:relcl
16,,PUNCT_17 mainlypunct
17mainlymainlyADV_26 huntadvmod
18becausebecauseSCONJ_26 huntmark
19AmericanAmericanADJDegree=Pos20 minkamod
20minkminkNOUNNumber=Sing26 huntnsubj
21thatthatPRONPronType=Rel22 escapednsubj
22escapedescapeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin20 minkacl:relcl
23fromfromADP_25 farmscase
24furfurNOUNNumber=Sing25 farmscompound
25farmsfarmNOUNNumber=Plur22 escapedobl
26hunthuntVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin15 livedadvcl
27themtheyPRONCase=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs26 huntobj
28ininADP_30 burrowscase
29theirtheirPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs30 burrowsnmod:poss
30burrowsburrowNOUNNumber=Plur26 huntobl
31,,PUNCT_37 clearedpunct
32andandCCONJ_37 clearedcc
33becausebecauseSCONJ_37 clearedmark
34riverriverNOUNNumber=Sing35 bankscompound
35banksbankNOUNNumber=Plur37 clearednsubj:pass
36werebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin37 clearedaux:pass
37clearedclearVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass26 huntconj
38andandCCONJ_39 walledcc
39walledwallVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass37 clearedconj
40..PUNCT_4 vanishedpunct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1vanishpresent · perfectWater volesmost from the places in Britainvn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2livepastplaces = placeonce propertyvn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3escapepastAmerican minkfur farmsvn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from farm=Initial_Location
4huntpresentAmerican minkplaces = placeplaces's burrowsmainly propertyvn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme in burrow=Location
5clearpast · passiveriver banksvn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source
6wallparticipletree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/403-the-real-animals-of-the-river-bank-water-vole-mole-otter-toad-and-the-river-birds/9/