Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers, sentence 14
A Virginia opossum chased by a predator may fall over, go stiff, drool and smell bad for minutes or hours, because many predators lose interest in prey that seems dead.
Who acts: Virginia opossum, many predators, prey · What happens: chase, fall over, go, drool, smell, lose · To what, where: Virginia opossum, interest, prey
This is a sentence of the lesson «Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Virginia opossum, many predators, prey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 opossum | det |
| 2 | Virginia | Virginia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 opossum | compound |
| 3 | opossum | opossum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 fall | nsubj |
| 4 | chased | chase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 opossum | acl |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 predator | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 predator | det |
| 7 | predator | predator | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 chased | obl |
| 8 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 fall | aux |
| 9 | fall | fall | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 10 | over | over | ADV | _ | 9 fall | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 go | punct |
| 12 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 fall | conj |
| 13 | stiff | stiff | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 go | xcomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 drool | punct |
| 15 | drool | drool | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 go | conj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 smell | cc |
| 17 | smell | smell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 go | conj |
| 18 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 smell | xcomp |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 minutes | case |
| 20 | minutes | minute | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 smell | obl |
| 21 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 22 hours | cc |
| 22 | hours | hour | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 minutes | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 lose | punct |
| 24 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 27 lose | mark |
| 25 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 predators | amod |
| 26 | predators | predator | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 lose | nsubj |
| 27 | lose | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 fall | advcl |
| 28 | interest | interest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 lose | obj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 prey | case |
| 30 | prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 interest | nmod |
| 31 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 seems | nsubj |
| 32 | seems | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 prey | acl:relcl |
| 33 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 seems | xcomp |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 fall | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chase | participle | a Virginia opossum not said here | by a predator | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by predator=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | fall over | may | a Virginia opossum | over property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | go | infinitive | a Virginia opossum not said here | stiff property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | drool | infinitive | a Virginia opossum not said here | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | smell | infinitive | a Virginia opossum not said here | minute | bad property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | |||
| 6 | lose | present | many predators | interest | prey | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent interest=Eventuality | |||
| 7 | seem | present | prey | dead property | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:047-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/14/