Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers, sentence 6
Prey such as rabbits and deer have eyes on the sides of the head to see almost all the way round; predators such as foxes, owls and cats have eyes facing forward to judge distance before a pounce.
Who acts: Prey, predators, eyes · What happens: have, see, face, judge · To what, where: eyes, sides, way, distance
This is a sentence of the lesson «Who eats whom: predators, prey, scavengers and decomposers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prey, predators, eyes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 have | nsubj |
| 2 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 4 rabbits | case |
| 3 | as | as | ADP | _ | 2 such | fixed |
| 4 | rabbits | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Prey | nmod |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 deer | cc |
| 6 | deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 rabbits | conj |
| 7 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 have | obj |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 sides | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 sides | det |
| 11 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 eyes | nmod |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 head | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 head | det |
| 14 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sides | nmod |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 see | mark |
| 16 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 have | advcl |
| 17 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 18 all | advmod |
| 18 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 20 way | det:predet |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 way | det |
| 20 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 see | obj |
| 21 | round | round | ADV | _ | 20 way | advmod |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 predators | punct |
| 23 | predators | predator | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 have | nsubj |
| 24 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 26 foxes | case |
| 25 | as | as | ADP | _ | 24 such | fixed |
| 26 | foxes | fox | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 predators | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 owls | punct |
| 28 | owls | owl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 foxes | conj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 cats | cc |
| 30 | cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 predators | conj |
| 31 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 have | parataxis |
| 32 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 have | obj |
| 33 | facing | face | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 32 eyes | acl |
| 34 | forward | forward | ADV | _ | 33 facing | advmod |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 judge | mark |
| 36 | judge | judge | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 facing | advcl |
| 37 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 judge | obj |
| 38 | before | before | ADP | _ | 40 pounce | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 pounce | det |
| 40 | pounce | pounce | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 judge | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 have | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Prey such rabbits and deer | eyes | the sides of the head | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient | |||
| 2 | see | to-infinitive | Prey such rabbits and deer not said here | all way | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer way=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | have | present | predators such foxes and owls and cats | eyes | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient | ||||
| 4 | face | gerund | eyes not said here | forward property | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | judge | to-infinitive | eyes not said here | distance | before a pounce | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent distance=Value |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:047-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/47-predators-prey-scavengers-decomposers/6/