The desert: living with little water, sentence 1
Every desert living thing is a water saver: the cactus stores it, the kangaroo rat makes it from its food, the beetle catches it from fog and the flowers wait years as seeds for one good rain.
Who acts: desert living thing, cactus, kangaroo rat, beetle, flowers · What happens: be, store, make, catch, wait · To what, where: water saver, thing, food, fog
This is a sentence of the lesson «The desert: living with little water» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (desert living thing, cactus, kangaroo rat, beetle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 thing | det |
| 2 | desert | desert | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 thing | compound |
| 3 | living | live | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 thing | amod |
| 4 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saver | nsubj |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 saver | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 saver | det |
| 7 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saver | compound |
| 8 | saver | saver | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 stores | punct |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 cactus | det |
| 11 | cactus | cactus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 stores | nsubj |
| 12 | stores | store | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 saver | parataxis |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 stores | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 makes | punct |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 rat | det |
| 16 | kangaroo | kangaroo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 rat | compound |
| 17 | rat | rat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 makes | nsubj |
| 18 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 stores | conj |
| 19 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 makes | obj |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 food | case |
| 21 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 food | nmod:poss |
| 22 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 makes | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 catches | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 beetle | det |
| 25 | beetle | beetle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 catches | nsubj |
| 26 | catches | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 stores | conj |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 catches | obj |
| 28 | from | from | ADP | _ | 29 fog | case |
| 29 | fog | fog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 catches | obl |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 wait | cc |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 flowers | det |
| 32 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 wait | nsubj |
| 33 | wait | wait | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 stores | conj |
| 34 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 wait | obl:unmarked |
| 35 | as | as | ADP | _ | 36 seeds | case |
| 36 | seeds | seed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 wait | obl |
| 37 | for | for | ADP | _ | 40 rain | case |
| 38 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 40 rain | nummod |
| 39 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 rain | amod |
| 40 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 wait | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 saver | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | every desert living thing | a water saver | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | store | present | the cactus | thing | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 3 | make | present | the kangaroo rat | thing | thing's food | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset it=Product from food=Material | |||
| 4 | catch | present | the beetle | thing | fog | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent it=Theme from fog=Source | |||
| 5 | wait | present | the flowers | year | as seeds; for one good rain | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:005-the-desert.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/5-the-desert/1/