How animals talk, sentence 7

A loose, wide tail wag is usually friendly, but a stiff, high, fast wag can mean a dog is tense; dogs talk with their whole body, ears, tail, hackles, mouth and how they stand.

Who acts: loose wide tail wag, stiff high fast wag, dog, dogs, studies · What happens: be, mean, talk, stand · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals talk» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (loose wide tail wag, stiff high fast wag, dog, dogs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 wag	det
2	loose	loose	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 wag	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 loose	punct
4	wide	wide	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 wag	amod
5	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 wag	compound
6	wag	wag	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 friendly	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 friendly	cop
8	usually	usually	ADV	_	9 friendly	advmod
9	friendly	friendly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 stiff	punct
11	but	but	CCONJ	_	20 mean	cc
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 wag	det
13	stiff	stiff	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 wag	amod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 wag	punct
15	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 wag	amod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 high	punct
17	fast	fast	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 wag	amod
18	wag	wag	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 mean	nsubj
19	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	20 mean	aux
20	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 friendly	conj
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 dog	det
22	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 tense	nsubj
23	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 tense	cop
24	tense	tense	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 mean	ccomp
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 talk	punct
26	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 talk	nsubj
27	talk	talk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 friendly	parataxis
28	with	with	ADP	_	31 body	case
29	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	31 body	nmod:poss
30	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 body	amod
31	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 talk	obl
32	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 ears	punct
33	ears	ear	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 body	conj
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	35 tail	punct
35	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 ears	conj
36	,	,	PUNCT	_	37 hackles	punct
37	hackles	hackles	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 ears	conj
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 mouth	punct
39	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 ears	conj
40	and	and	CCONJ	_	43 stand	cc
41	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	43 stand	advmod
42	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	43 stand	nsubj
43	stand	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	27 talk	conj
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 friendly	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	a loose wide tail wag	friendly, usually property	tree rules
2	mean	can	a stiff high fast wag		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	a dog	tense property	tree rules
4	talk	present	dogs	with studies's whole body and ears and tail and hackles and mouth	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with body=Co-Agent
5	stand	present	studies = study		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:050-how-animals-talk.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/50-how-animals-talk/7/