How animals talk, sentence 8

Adult cats rarely meow to each other: meowing is mostly how cats talk to people, and cats purr when content but sometimes also when hurt or unwell.

Who acts: Adult cats, cats · What happens: meow, be, purr, hurt · To what, where: each

This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals talk» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Adult cats, cats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Adult	adult	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 cats	amod
2	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 meow	nsubj
3	rarely	rarely	ADV	_	4 meow	advmod
4	meow	meow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 each	case
6	each	each	DET	ExtPos=PRON PronType=Rcp	4 meow	obl
7	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 each	fixed
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	22 content	punct
9	meowing	meow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	14 talk	csubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 talk	cop
11	mostly	mostly	ADV	_	14 talk	advmod
12	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	14 talk	advmod
13	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 talk	nsubj
14	talk	talk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 meow	parataxis
15	to	to	ADP	_	16 people	case
16	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 talk	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 purr	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 purr	cc
19	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 purr	nsubj
20	purr	purr	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 talk	conj
21	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	22 content	advmod
22	content	content	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 purr	advcl
23	but	but	CCONJ	_	27 hurt	cc
24	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	PronType=Ind	27 hurt	advmod
25	also	also	ADV	_	27 hurt	advmod
26	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	27 hurt	advmod
27	hurt	hurt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	22 content	conj
28	or	or	CCONJ	_	29 unwell	cc
29	unwell	unwell	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 hurt	conj
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 meow	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	to whom	other	roles by
1	meow	present	Adult cats	each	rarely property	vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to each=Recipient
2	meow	gerund				vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	cats		to people; mostly, talk property	tree rules
4	purr	present	cats			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	hurt	participle	cats not said here		sometimes property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:050-how-animals-talk.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/50-how-animals-talk/8/