How animals hunt, sentence 1
The cheetah is the sprinter, the wolf pack is the long-distance team, the python and the praying mantis are the patient ambushers, and the spider and the anglerfish are trap builders.
Who acts: cheetah, wolf pack, python · What happens: be, pray · To what, where: sprinter, distance team, patient ambushers, trap builders
This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals hunt» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cheetah, wolf pack, python), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 cheetah | det |
| 2 | cheetah | cheetah | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sprinter | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 sprinter | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 sprinter | det |
| 5 | sprinter | sprinter | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 team | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 pack | det |
| 8 | wolf | wolf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 pack | compound |
| 9 | pack | pack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 team | nsubj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 team | cop |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 team | det |
| 12 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 distance | amod |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 long | punct |
| 14 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 team | compound |
| 15 | team | team | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sprinter | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 ambushers | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 python | det |
| 18 | python | python | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 ambushers | nsubj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 mantis | cc |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 mantis | det |
| 21 | praying | pray | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 22 mantis | amod |
| 22 | mantis | mantis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 python | conj |
| 23 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 ambushers | cop |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 ambushers | det |
| 25 | patient | patient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 ambushers | amod |
| 26 | ambushers | ambusher | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 sprinter | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 spider | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 spider | cc |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 spider | det |
| 30 | spider | spider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 ambushers | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 builders | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 anglerfish | det |
| 33 | anglerfish | anglerfish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 spider | conj |
| 34 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 builders | cop |
| 35 | trap | trap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 builders | compound |
| 36 | builders | builder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 ambushers | conj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 sprinter | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the cheetah | the sprinter and the distance team and the patient ambushers and the spider and the anglerfish and trap builders | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | the wolf pack | the distance team | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | pray | gerund | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||||
| 4 | is a | present | the python and the praying mantis | the patient ambushers and the spider and the anglerfish and trap builders | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | the python and the praying mantis not said here | trap builders | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:052-how-animals-hunt.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/52-how-animals-hunt/1/