How animals defend themselves, sentence 11
Octopuses and squid squirt dark ink and jet away, and some squid make an ink blob shaped like themselves as a decoy.
Who acts: Octopuses, squid · What happens: squirt, make, shape · To what, where: dark ink, ink blob
This is a sentence of the lesson «How animals defend themselves» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Octopuses, squid), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Octopuses | octopus | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 squirt | nsubj |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 squid | cc |
| 3 | squid | squid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Octopuses | conj |
| 4 | squirt | squirt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 ink | amod |
| 6 | ink | ink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 squirt | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 jet | cc |
| 8 | jet | jet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ink | conj |
| 9 | away | away | ADV | _ | 6 ink | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 make | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 make | cc |
| 12 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 13 squid | det |
| 13 | squid | squid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 make | nsubj |
| 14 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 squirt | conj |
| 15 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 blob | det |
| 16 | ink | ink | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 blob | compound |
| 17 | blob | blob | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 make | obj |
| 18 | shaped | shape | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 blob | acl |
| 19 | like | like | ADP | _ | 20 themselves | case |
| 20 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 18 shaped | obl |
| 21 | as | as | ADP | _ | 23 decoy | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 decoy | det |
| 23 | decoy | decoy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 shaped | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 squirt | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | squirt | present | Octopuses and squid | dark ink and jet | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent ink=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | present | some squid | a ink blob | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset blob=Product | ||||
| 3 | shape | participle | a ink blob not said here | like Octopuses = octopus; as a decoy | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:053-how-animals-defend-themselves.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/53-how-animals-defend-themselves/11/