Migration: the great journeys, sentence 14
Every year tens of millions of red crabs on Christmas Island walk from the forest to the sea to release their eggs, which hatch in the sea, timed with the rains and the Moon, and people close roads and build crab tunnels and bridges.
Who acts: tens, eggs, people · What happens: walk, release, hatch, time, close, build · To what, where: forest, eggs, sea, roads, crab tunnels
This is a sentence of the lesson «Migration: the great journeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tens, eggs, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 year | det |
| 2 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 walk | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | tens | ten | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 walk | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 millions | case |
| 5 | millions | million | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 tens | nmod |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 crabs | case |
| 7 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 crabs | amod |
| 8 | crabs | crab | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 millions | nmod |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 Island | case |
| 10 | Christmas | Christmas | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 Island | compound |
| 11 | Island | Island | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 crabs | nmod |
| 12 | walk | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | from | from | ADP | _ | 15 forest | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 forest | det |
| 15 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 walk | obl |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 sea | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 sea | det |
| 18 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 walk | obl |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 release | mark |
| 20 | release | release | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 walk | advcl |
| 21 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 eggs | nmod:poss |
| 22 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 release | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 hatch | punct |
| 24 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 hatch | nsubj |
| 25 | hatch | hatch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 eggs | acl:relcl |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 sea | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 sea | det |
| 28 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 hatch | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 timed | punct |
| 30 | timed | time | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 hatch | advcl |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 rains | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 rains | det |
| 33 | rains | rain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 timed | obl |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 Moon | cc |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 Moon | det |
| 36 | Moon | Moon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 rains | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 close | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 close | cc |
| 39 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 close | nsubj |
| 40 | close | close | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 walk | conj |
| 41 | roads | road | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 close | obj |
| 42 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 build | cc |
| 43 | build | build | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 close | conj |
| 44 | crab | crab | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 tunnels | compound |
| 45 | tunnels | tunnel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 build | obj |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 bridges | cc |
| 47 | bridges | bridge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 tunnels | conj |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 walk | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | present | tens of millions of red crabs on Christmas Island | the forest | year | to the sea result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to sea=Result | ||
| 2 | release | to-infinitive | tens of millions of red crabs on Christmas Island not said here | tens's eggs | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer egg=Source | ||||
| 3 | hatch | present | tens's eggs | the sea | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | time | participle | tens's eggs not said here | with the rains and the Moon | vn register-54.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | close | present | people | roads | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient | ||||
| 6 | build | present | people not said here | crab tunnels and bridges | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tunnel=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:054-migration-the-great-journeys.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/54-migration-the-great-journeys/14/