Sleep and hibernation, sentence 10

Bats sleep hanging upside down with their foot tendons locked, and in cold countries they hibernate in caves and attics; bats are not blind.

Who acts: Bats · What happens: sleep, hang down, lock, hibernate, not be · To what, where: upside, foot tendons, cold countries

This is a sentence of the lesson «Sleep and hibernation» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 sleep	nsubj
2	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	hanging	hang	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 sleep	xcomp
4	upside	upside	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hanging	obj
5	down	down	ADP	_	3 hanging	compound:prt
6	with	with	ADP	_	9 tendons	case
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 tendons	nmod:poss
8	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 tendons	compound
9	tendons	tendon	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hanging	obl
10	locked	lock	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 tendons	acl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 hibernate	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 hibernate	cc
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 countries	case
14	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 countries	amod
15	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 hibernate	obl
16	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 hibernate	nsubj
17	hibernate	hibernate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sleep	conj
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 caves	case
19	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 hibernate	obl
20	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 attics	cc
21	attics	attic	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 caves	conj
22	;	;	PUNCT	_	15 countries	punct
23	bats	bat	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 blind	nsubj
24	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	26 blind	cop
25	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	26 blind	advmod
26	blind	blind	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 sleep	parataxis
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sleep	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	sleep	present	Bats				tree rules
2	hang down	gerund	Bats not said here	upside		with bats's foot tendons	vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent upside=Patient with tendon=Instrument
3	lock	participle		bats's foot tendons not said here			vn tape-22.4 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient
4	hibernate	present	bats = bat		cold countries	in caves and attics	vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in country=Location
5	not is	present	bats			blind property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:055-sleep-and-hibernation.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/55-sleep-and-hibernation/10/