Trees, sentence 10

An oak gall forms when a tiny wasp lays an egg in an oak bud and the tree grows a ball round it; for centuries people made black ink from oak galls.

Who acts: oak gall, tiny wasp, tree, centuries people · What happens: form, lay, grow, make · To what, where: egg, oak bud, ball, black ink, oak galls

This is a sentence of the lesson «Trees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (oak gall, tiny wasp, tree, centuries people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 gall	det
2	oak	oak	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gall	compound
3	gall	gall	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 forms	nsubj
4	forms	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	9 lays	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 wasp	det
7	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 wasp	amod
8	wasp	wasp	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lays	nsubj
9	lays	lay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 forms	advcl
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 egg	det
11	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lays	obj
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 bud	case
13	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 bud	det
14	oak	oak	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 bud	compound
15	bud	bud	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lays	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 grows	cc
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 tree	det
18	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 grows	nsubj
19	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lays	conj
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 ball	det
21	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 grows	obj
22	round	round	ADP	_	23 it	case
23	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 ball	nmod
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 people	punct
25	for	for	ADP	_	27 people	case
26	centuries	century	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 people	compound
27	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 forms	conj
28	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	27 people	acl
29	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	30 ink	amod
30	ink	ink	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 made	obj
31	from	from	ADP	_	33 galls	case
32	oak	oak	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 galls	compound
33	galls	gall	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 made	obl
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 forms	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	form	present	a oak gall				vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	lay	present	a tiny wasp	a egg	a oak bud		vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in bud=Destination
3	grow	present	the tree	a ball		round wasp	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location ball=Theme
4	make	participle	centuries people not said here	black ink	oak galls		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset ink=Product from gall=Material

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:060-trees.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/60-trees/10/