Cells, bones and muscles, sentence 17
Sore muscles a day after hard exercise come from tiny tears in muscle fibres that the body repairs, making the muscle a little stronger; it is not caused by acid left in the muscle.
Who acts: Sore muscles, body, muscle fibres, acid · What happens: come, repair, make, not cause, left · To what, where: tiny tears, muscle fibres, muscle, body, acid
This is a sentence of the lesson «Cells, bones and muscles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sore muscles, body, muscle fibres, acid), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sore | sore | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 muscles | amod |
| 2 | muscles | muscle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 come | nsubj |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 day | det |
| 4 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 muscles | nmod:unmarked |
| 5 | after | after | ADP | _ | 7 exercise | case |
| 6 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 exercise | amod |
| 7 | exercise | exercise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 day | nmod |
| 8 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 11 tears | case |
| 10 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 tears | amod |
| 11 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 come | obl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 fibres | case |
| 13 | muscle | muscle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 fibres | compound |
| 14 | fibres | fibre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 tears | nmod |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 repairs | obj |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 body | det |
| 17 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 repairs | nsubj |
| 18 | repairs | repair | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 fibres | acl:relcl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 making | punct |
| 20 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 fibres | acl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 muscle | det |
| 22 | muscle | muscle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 making | obj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 little | det |
| 24 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 stronger | obl |
| 25 | stronger | strong | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 20 making | xcomp |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 caused | punct |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 caused | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 caused | aux:pass |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 caused | advmod |
| 30 | caused | cause | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 come | parataxis |
| 31 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 acid | case |
| 32 | acid | acid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 caused | obl |
| 33 | left | left | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 32 acid | acl |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 muscle | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 muscle | det |
| 36 | muscle | muscle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 left | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 come | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | present | Sore muscles a day after hard exercise | tiny tears in muscle fibres | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from tear=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | repair | present | the body | muscle fibres | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent that=Patient | ||||
| 3 | make | gerund | muscle fibres not said here | the muscle | strong property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset muscle=Product | |||
| 4 | not cause | present · passive | acid | body | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient | ||||
| 5 | left | participle | acid not said here | the muscle | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:064-cells-bones-and-muscles.lesson:17.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/64-cells-bones-and-muscles/17/