Lungs and breathing, sentence 15

Your voice is made when air from the lungs passes the vocal cords in the voice box, the larynx, making them vibrate; the mouth and tongue shape the sound into words.

Who acts: air, cords, mouth · What happens: make, pass, vibrate, shape · To what, where: voice, vocal cords, voice box, cords, sound, words

This is a sentence of the lesson «Lungs and breathing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (air, cords, mouth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 voice	nmod:poss
2	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 made	aux:pass
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 passes	mark
6	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 passes	nsubj
7	from	from	ADP	_	9 lungs	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 lungs	det
9	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 air	nmod
10	passes	pass	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 made	advcl
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 cords	det
12	vocal	vocal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cords	amod
13	cords	cord	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 passes	obj
14	in	in	ADP	_	17 box	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 box	det
16	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 box	compound
17	box	box	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 passes	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 larynx	punct
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 larynx	det
20	larynx	larynx	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 box	conj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 making	punct
22	making	make	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 passes	advcl
23	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 making	obj
24	vibrate	vibrate	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	22 making	xcomp
25	;	;	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 mouth	det
27	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 shape	nsubj
28	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 tongue	cc
29	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 mouth	conj
30	shape	shape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 made	parataxis
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 sound	det
32	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 shape	obj
33	into	into	ADP	_	34 words	case
34	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 shape	obl
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Your voice		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
2	pass	present	air from the lungs	the vocal cords	the voice box and the larynx	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent cord=Theme in box=Destination
3	make	gerund	air from the lungs not said here	cords = cord		tree rules
4	vibrate	infinitive	cords = cord not said here			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	shape	present	the mouth and tongue	the sound	words	vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: agent=Agent sound=Material into word=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:066-lungs-and-breathing.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/66-lungs-and-breathing/15/