Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth, sentence 0
Antarctica is a continent at the bottom of the world, buried under ice more than 4 km thick in places, so high, dry and dark in winter that it holds the record for the coldest temperature ever measured.
Who acts: Antarctica, ice · What happens: be, bury, hold, measure · To what, where: continent, bottom, ice, record, coldest temperature
This is a sentence of the lesson «Antarctica: penguins, seals and the coldest place on Earth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Antarctica, ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Antarctica | Antarctica | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 continent | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 continent | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 continent | det |
| 4 | continent | continent | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 bottom | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 bottom | det |
| 7 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 continent | nmod |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 world | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 world | det |
| 10 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 bottom | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 buried | punct |
| 12 | buried | bury | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 continent | acl |
| 13 | under | under | ADP | _ | 14 ice | case |
| 14 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 buried | obl |
| 15 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 19 thick | advmod |
| 16 | than | than | ADP | _ | 18 km | case |
| 17 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 18 km | nummod |
| 18 | km | km | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 thick | obl |
| 19 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 ice | amod |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 21 places | case |
| 21 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 thick | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 high | punct |
| 23 | so | so | ADV | _ | 24 high | advmod |
| 24 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 continent | parataxis |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 dry | punct |
| 26 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 high | conj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 dark | cc |
| 28 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 high | conj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 winter | case |
| 30 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 high | obl |
| 31 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 33 holds | mark |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 holds | nsubj |
| 33 | holds | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 winter | acl:relcl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 record | det |
| 35 | record | record | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 holds | obj |
| 36 | for | for | ADP | _ | 39 temperature | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 temperature | det |
| 38 | coldest | cold | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 39 temperature | amod |
| 39 | temperature | temperature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 record | nmod |
| 40 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 41 measured | advmod |
| 41 | measured | measure | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 39 temperature | acl:relcl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 continent | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Antarctica | a continent | the bottom of the world | tree rules | |||
| 2 | bury | participle | a continent not said here | ice | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent under ice=Destination | ||||
| 3 | hold | present | ice | the record | for the coldest temperature | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent record=Theme | |||
| 4 | measure | participle | the coldest temperature not said here | ever | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:007-antarctica.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/7-antarctica/0/