Evolution simply: why living things change over many generations, sentence 0
Look at a litter of puppies: no two are exactly alike, because every baby gets a fresh shuffle of its parents' genes, the instructions for building a body.
Who acts: you, two, baby, instructions · What happens: look, be, get, build, shuffle · To what, where: fresh shuffle, body, genes
This is a sentence of the lesson «Evolution simply: why living things change over many generations» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, two, baby, instructions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Look | look | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 4 litter | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 litter | det |
| 4 | litter | litter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Look | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 puppies | case |
| 6 | puppies | puppy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 litter | nmod |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 1 Look | punct |
| 8 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 9 two | det |
| 9 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 alike | nsubj |
| 10 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 alike | cop |
| 11 | exactly | exactly | ADV | _ | 12 alike | advmod |
| 12 | alike | alike | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Look | parataxis |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 gets | punct |
| 14 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 17 gets | mark |
| 15 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 baby | det |
| 16 | baby | baby | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 gets | nsubj |
| 17 | gets | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Look | advcl |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 shuffle | det |
| 19 | fresh | fresh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 shuffle | amod |
| 20 | shuffle | shuffle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 gets | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 genes | case |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 parents | nmod:poss |
| 23 | parents | parent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 genes | nmod:poss |
| 24 | ' | 's | PART | _ | 23 parents | case |
| 25 | genes | gene | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 shuffle | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 gets | punct |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 instructions | det |
| 28 | instructions | instruction | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 shuffle | appos |
| 29 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 30 building | mark |
| 30 | building | build | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 28 instructions | acl |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 body | det |
| 32 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 building | obj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Look | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look | imperative | you not said here | at a litter of puppies | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at litter=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is | present | no two | alike, exactly property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | get | present | every baby | a fresh shuffle of baby's parents's genes | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer shuffle=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | build | gerund | the instructions not said here | a body | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset body=Product | ||||
| 5 | shuffle | baby's parents's genes | nom shuffle «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:073-evolution-simply.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/73-evolution-simply/0/