Evolution simply: why living things change over many generations, sentence 11
Humans and chimpanzees share a common ancestor from about 6 to 7 million years ago, so they are cousins; humans did not come from today's chimps.
Who acts: Humans · What happens: share, be, not come · To what, where: common ancestor, 6, cousins, chimps
This is a sentence of the lesson «Evolution simply: why living things change over many generations» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Humans), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Humans | human | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 share | nsubj |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 chimpanzees | cc |
| 3 | chimpanzees | chimpanzee | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Humans | conj |
| 4 | share | share | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 ancestor | det |
| 6 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 ancestor | amod |
| 7 | ancestor | ancestor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 share | obj |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 6 | case |
| 9 | about | about | ADV | _ | 10 6 | advmod |
| 10 | 6 | 6 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 ancestor | nmod |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 7 | case |
| 12 | 7 | 7 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 6 | nmod |
| 13 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 years | nummod |
| 14 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 15 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 10 6 | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 cousins | punct |
| 17 | so | so | ADV | _ | 20 cousins | advmod |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 cousins | nsubj |
| 19 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 cousins | cop |
| 20 | cousins | cousin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 share | parataxis |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 come | punct |
| 22 | humans | human | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 come | nsubj |
| 23 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 come | aux |
| 24 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 25 come | advmod |
| 25 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 share | conj |
| 26 | from | from | ADP | _ | 29 chimps | case |
| 27 | today | today | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 chimps | nmod:poss |
| 28 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 27 today | case |
| 29 | chimps | chimp | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 come | obl |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 share | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | share | present | Humans and chimpanzees | a common ancestor | 6 to 7 | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is a | present | Humans = human | cousins | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | not come | past · do-support | humans | today's chimps | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from chimp=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:073-evolution-simply.lesson:11.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/73-evolution-simply/11/