The penguin pool, sentence 14
A gland above a penguin's eyes removes extra salt from its blood, and the salty drips run out of its beak; albatrosses and gulls have the same gland, but people do not, so drinking seawater makes a person thirstier and ill.
Who acts: gland, salty drips, albatrosses, people, drinking · What happens: remove, run, have, not do, drink, make · To what, where: extra salt, blood, beak, same gland, seawater, person
This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gland, salty drips, albatrosses, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 gland | det |
| 2 | gland | gland | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 removes | nsubj |
| 3 | above | above | ADP | _ | 7 eyes | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 penguin | det |
| 5 | penguin | penguin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 6 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 5 penguin | case |
| 7 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 gland | nmod |
| 8 | removes | remove | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | extra | extra | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 salt | amod |
| 10 | salt | salt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 removes | obj |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 blood | case |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 blood | nmod:poss |
| 13 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 removes | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 run | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 run | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 drips | det |
| 17 | salty | salty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 drips | amod |
| 18 | drips | drip | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 run | nsubj |
| 19 | run | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 removes | conj |
| 20 | out | out | ADP | _ | 23 beak | case |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 beak | case |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 beak | nmod:poss |
| 23 | beak | beak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 run | obl |
| 24 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 have | punct |
| 25 | albatrosses | albatross | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 have | nsubj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 gulls | cc |
| 27 | gulls | gull | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 albatrosses | conj |
| 28 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 removes | parataxis |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 gland | det |
| 30 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 gland | amod |
| 31 | gland | gland | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 have | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 do | punct |
| 33 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 35 do | cc |
| 34 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 do | nsubj |
| 35 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 removes | conj |
| 36 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 35 do | advmod |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 drinking | punct |
| 38 | so | so | ADV | _ | 41 makes | advmod |
| 39 | drinking | drink | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 makes | csubj |
| 40 | seawater | seawater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 drinking | obj |
| 41 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 removes | conj |
| 42 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 43 person | det |
| 43 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 makes | obj |
| 44 | thirstier | thirsty | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 41 makes | xcomp |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 ill | cc |
| 46 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 thirstier | conj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 removes | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remove | present | a gland above a penguin's eyes | extra salt | gland's blood | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent salt=Theme from blood=Source | |||
| 2 | run | present | the salty drips | gland's beak | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out beak=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | have | present | albatrosses and gulls | the same gland | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gland=Patient | ||||
| 4 | not do | present | people | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | drink | gerund | seawater | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seawater=Patient | |||||
| 6 | make | present | drinking | a person | thirsty property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset person=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:099-the-penguin-pool.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/14/