The penguin pool, sentence 15

Once a year penguins moult all their feathers in a few weeks; they cannot swim or eat then, so they fatten up beforehand and look scruffy.

Who acts: penguins · What happens: moult, not swim, eat, fatten up, look · To what, where: feathers

This is a sentence of the lesson «The penguin pool» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Once	once	ADV	_	5 moult	advmod
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 year	det
3	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 moult	obl:unmarked
4	penguins	penguin	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 moult	nsubj
5	moult	moult	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 swim	parataxis
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 feathers	det:predet
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 feathers	nmod:poss
8	feathers	feather	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 moult	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 weeks	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 weeks	det
11	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 weeks	amod
12	weeks	week	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 moult	obl
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	5 moult	punct
14	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 swim	nsubj
15	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	17 swim	aux
16	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	17 swim	advmod
17	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
18	or	or	CCONJ	_	19 eat	cc
19	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	17 swim	conj
20	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	17 swim	advmod
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 fatten	punct
22	so	so	ADV	_	24 fatten	advmod
23	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 fatten	nsubj
24	fatten	fatten	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 swim	parataxis
25	up	up	ADP	_	24 fatten	compound:prt
26	beforehand	beforehand	ADV	_	24 fatten	advmod
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 look	cc
28	look	look	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 fatten	conj
29	scruffy	scruffy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 look	xcomp
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 moult	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	moult	present	penguins	penguins's feathers	week; year	once property	tree rules
2	not swim	can	penguins = penguin		then		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	eat	infinitive	penguins = penguin not said here				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	fatten up	present	penguins = penguin			beforehand property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
5	look	infinitive	penguins = penguin not said here			scruffy property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:099-the-penguin-pool.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/99-the-penguin-pool/15/