Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 2 (One, two, three, and where's your breakfast?), sentence 22

Real biology: every leopard has its own pattern, like a fingerprint, so scientists can tell leopards apart on hidden cameras; even black leopards ("black panthers") have faint rosettes.

Who acts: leopard, scientists, black leopards, biology · What happens: have, tell, pattern · To what, where: own pattern, leopards, hidden cameras, faint rosettes · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 2 (One, two, three, and where's your breakfast?)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (leopard, scientists, black leopards, biology), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 biology	amod
2	biology	biology	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 has	punct
4	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 leopard	det
5	leopard	leopard	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 has	nsubj
6	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 biology	parataxis
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 pattern	nmod:poss
8	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 pattern	amod
9	pattern	pattern	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 has	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 fingerprint	punct
11	like	like	ADP	_	13 fingerprint	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 fingerprint	det
13	fingerprint	fingerprint	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 pattern	appos
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 tell	punct
15	so	so	ADV	_	18 tell	advmod
16	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 tell	nsubj
17	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 tell	aux
18	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 has	advcl
19	leopards	leopard	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 tell	obj
20	apart	apart	ADV	_	18 tell	advmod
21	on	on	ADP	_	23 cameras	case
22	hidden	hidden	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 cameras	amod
23	cameras	camera	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 tell	obl
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	27 leopards	punct
25	even	even	ADV	_	27 leopards	advmod
26	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 leopards	amod
27	leopards	leopard	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 have	nsubj
28	(	(	PUNCT	_	31 panthers	punct
29	"	"	PUNCT	_	31 panthers	punct
30	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	31 panthers	amod
31	panthers	panther	NOUN	Number=Plur	27 leopards	appos
32	"	"	PUNCT	_	31 panthers	punct
33	)	)	PUNCT	_	31 panthers	punct
34	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 has	conj
35	faint	faint	ADJ	Degree=Pos	36 rosettes	amod
36	rosettes	rosette	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 have	obj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 biology	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	every leopard	biology's own pattern				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Patient
2	tell speech: assert	can	scientists		leopards	hidden cameras	apart property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent leopard=Recipient
3	have	present	black leopards	faint rosettes				vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rosette=Patient
4	pattern		biology					nom pattern «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:078-justso-leopard-spots-2.lesson:22.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/78-justso-leopard-spots-2/22/