Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 1 (What does the Crocodile have for dinner?), sentence 2
He packs bananas, sugar-cane and melons, says goodbye, and walks across Africa, dropping melon rind all the way because he cannot pick anything up with his little nose.
Who acts: Child · What happens: pack, say, walk, drop, not pick up · To what, where: bananas, goodbye, Africa, melon rind, anything · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 1 (What does the Crocodile have for dinner?)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Child), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 packs | nsubj |
| 2 | packs | pack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | bananas | banana | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 packs | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 cane | punct |
| 5 | sugar | sugar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cane | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 sugar | punct |
| 7 | cane | cane | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bananas | conj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 melons | cc |
| 9 | melons | melon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 cane | conj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 says | punct |
| 11 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 packs | conj |
| 12 | goodbye | goodbye | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 says | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 walks | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 walks | cc |
| 15 | walks | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 packs | conj |
| 16 | across | across | ADP | _ | 17 Africa | case |
| 17 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 walks | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 dropping | punct |
| 19 | dropping | drop | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 walks | advcl |
| 20 | melon | melon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 rind | compound |
| 21 | rind | rind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 dropping | obj |
| 22 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 way | det:predet |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 way | det |
| 24 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 dropping | obl:unmarked |
| 25 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 29 pick | mark |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 pick | nsubj |
| 27 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 pick | aux |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 29 pick | advmod |
| 29 | pick | pick | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 dropping | advcl |
| 30 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 29 pick | obj |
| 31 | up | up | ADP | _ | 29 pick | compound:prt |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 35 nose | case |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 nose | nmod:poss |
| 34 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 nose | amod |
| 35 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 pick | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 packs | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pack | present | Child | bananas and sugar cane and melons | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent banana=Theme | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | Child not said here | goodbye | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent goodbye=Topic | ||||
| 3 | walk | present | Child not said here | Africa | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across africa=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | drop | gerund | Child not said here | melon rind | all way obl:unmarked | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rind=Theme | |||
| 5 | not pick up | can | Child | anything | with Child's little nose | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:079-justso-elephants-child-1.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/79-justso-elephants-child-1/2/