Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 3: «a great invention» and the road on Merrow Down, sentence 3
Taffy explains: there was only one spear, drawn three times to make sure; the «bad people» were her beavers; Mummy had her hands up because she would be pleased.
Who acts: Taffy, one spear, bad people, Mummy · What happens: explain, be, draw, make, have up · To what, where: one spear, beavers, hands · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Just So Stories, How the First Letter Was Written, part 3: «a great invention» and the road on Merrow Down» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Taffy, one spear, bad people, Mummy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Taffy | Taffy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 explains | nsubj |
| 2 | explains | explain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 was | punct |
| 4 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 5 was | expl |
| 5 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 explains | ccomp |
| 6 | only | only | ADV | _ | 7 one | advmod |
| 7 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 spear | nummod |
| 8 | spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 was | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 drawn | punct |
| 10 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 spear | acl |
| 11 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 times | nummod |
| 12 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 drawn | obl:unmarked |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 make | mark |
| 14 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 drawn | advcl |
| 15 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 make | xcomp |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 pleased | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 people | det |
| 18 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 20 people | punct |
| 19 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 people | amod |
| 20 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 beavers | nsubj |
| 21 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 20 people | punct |
| 22 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 beavers | cop |
| 23 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 beavers | nmod:poss |
| 24 | beavers | beaver | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 was | parataxis |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 had | punct |
| 26 | Mummy | Mummy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 had | nsubj |
| 27 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 was | conj |
| 28 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 hands | nmod:poss |
| 29 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 had | obj |
| 30 | up | up | ADV | _ | 27 had | xcomp |
| 31 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 35 pleased | mark |
| 32 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 pleased | nsubj |
| 33 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 pleased | aux |
| 34 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 35 pleased | cop |
| 35 | pleased | pleased | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 had | advcl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 explains | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | explain speech: assert | present | Taffy | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | be | past | one spear | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | draw | participle | one spear not said here | time | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | make | to-infinitive | sure property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 5 | is a | past | the bad people | Taffy's beavers | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | have up | past | Mummy | Taffy's hands | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient | ||||
| 7 | is | would | Taffy | pleased property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:books:086-justso-first-letter-3-a-great-invention.lesson:3.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/books/86-justso-first-letter-3-a-great-invention/3/