Browning apples, rotting and mould, sentence 10

As a banana ripens, starch turns into sugar and the skin browns; ripening is controlled by a gas called ethylene that fruit gives off, so fruit in a bowl ripens together, and hard fruit shut in a bag with a ripe banana ripens faster.

Who acts: banana, starch, gas, fruit, hard fruit · What happens: ripen, turn, control, call, give off, shut · To what, where: sugar, ripening, ethylene, gas, hard fruit, bag · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Browning apples, rotting and mould» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (banana, starch, gas, fruit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	As	as	SCONJ	_	4 ripens	mark
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 banana	det
3	banana	banana	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ripens	nsubj
4	ripens	ripen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 turns	advcl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 ripens	punct
6	starch	starch	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turns	nsubj
7	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	into	into	ADP	_	9 sugar	case
9	sugar	sugar	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turns	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 browns	cc
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 browns	det
12	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 browns	compound
13	browns	brown	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 sugar	conj
14	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 controlled	punct
15	ripening	ripen	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 controlled	nsubj:pass
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 controlled	aux:pass
17	controlled	control	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 turns	parataxis
18	by	by	ADP	_	20 gas	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 gas	det
20	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 controlled	obl
21	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	20 gas	acl
22	ethylene	ethylene	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 called	xcomp
23	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	25 gives	obj
24	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 gives	nsubj
25	gives	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 gas	acl:relcl
26	off	off	ADP	_	25 gives	compound:prt
27	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 fruit	punct
28	so	so	CCONJ	_	33 ripens	cc
29	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 ripens	nsubj
30	in	in	ADP	_	32 bowl	case
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 bowl	det
32	bowl	bowl	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 fruit	nmod
33	ripens	ripen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 gives	conj
34	together	together	ADV	_	33 ripens	advmod
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 ripens	punct
36	and	and	CCONJ	_	47 ripens	cc
37	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	38 fruit	amod
38	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 ripens	nsubj
39	shut	shut	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	38 fruit	acl
40	in	in	ADP	_	42 bag	case
41	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	42 bag	det
42	bag	bag	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 shut	obl
43	with	with	ADP	_	46 banana	case
44	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	46 banana	det
45	ripe	ripe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	46 banana	amod
46	banana	banana	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 bag	nmod
47	ripens	ripen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 ripens	conj
48	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	47 ripens	advmod
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 turns	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	ripen	present	a banana				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	turn	present	starch		sugar and the skin browns		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into sugar=Trajectory
3	control	present · passive	a gas	ripening			vn enforce-63 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
4	call	participle	a gas not said here	ethylene			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	give off	present	fruit	a gas			vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source that=Theme
6	ripen	present	fruit in a bowl			together property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
7	shut	participle		hard fruit not said here	a bag with a ripe banana		vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
8	ripen	present	hard fruit			fast property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:023-browning-apples-rotting-and-mould.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/23-browning-apples-rotting-and-mould/10/