Olympiad: everyday chemistry detectives ★★★, sentence 18

Helium atoms slip slowly through rubber, so a helium balloon shrinks in a few days; cold air in a tyre shrinks too, so tyre pressure drops on frosty mornings.

Who acts: Helium atoms, helium balloon, cold air, tyre pressure · What happens: slip, shrink, drop · To what, where: rubber

This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: everyday chemistry detectives ★★★» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Helium atoms, helium balloon, cold air, tyre pressure), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Helium	helium	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 atoms	compound
2	atoms	atom	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 slip	nsubj
3	slip	slip	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	3 slip	advmod
5	through	through	ADP	_	6 rubber	case
6	rubber	rubber	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 slip	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 shrinks	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	12 shrinks	advmod
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 balloon	det
10	helium	helium	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 balloon	compound
11	balloon	balloon	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 shrinks	nsubj
12	shrinks	shrink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 slip	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	16 days	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 days	det
15	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 days	amod
16	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 shrinks	obl
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 air	punct
18	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 air	amod
19	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 shrinks	nsubj
20	in	in	ADP	_	22 tyre	case
21	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 tyre	det
22	tyre	tyre	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 air	nmod
23	shrinks	shrink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 slip	conj
24	too	too	ADV	_	23 shrinks	advmod
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 drops	punct
26	so	so	ADV	_	29 drops	advmod
27	tyre	tyre	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 pressure	compound
28	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 drops	nsubj
29	drops	drop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 shrinks	conj
30	on	on	ADP	_	32 mornings	case
31	frosty	frosty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 mornings	amod
32	mornings	morning	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 drops	obl
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 slip	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed polarity=none

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	when	other	roles by
1	slip	present	Helium atoms	rubber		slowly property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
2	shrink	present	a helium balloon		day		vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	shrink	present	cold air in a tyre				vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	drop	present	tyre pressure		morning		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:037-olympiad-everyday-chemistry-detectives.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/37-olympiad-everyday-chemistry-detectives/18/