Solids, liquids and gases, sentence 15
Fizzy water has carbon dioxide gas dissolved in it under pressure; the gas escapes as bubbles, and warm drinks lose it faster; the bubbles rise because gas is much lighter than the liquid around them.
Who acts: Fizzy water, gas, warm drinks, bubbles · What happens: have, dissolve, escape, lose, rise, be · To what, where: dioxide gas, water
This is a sentence of the lesson «Solids, liquids and gases» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fizzy water, gas, warm drinks, bubbles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fizzy | fizzy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 water | amod |
| 2 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | carbon | carbon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 dioxide | compound |
| 5 | dioxide | dioxide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 gas | compound |
| 6 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | obj |
| 7 | dissolved | dissolve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 gas | acl |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 it | case |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 dissolved | obl |
| 10 | under | under | ADP | _ | 11 pressure | case |
| 11 | pressure | pressure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 dissolved | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 escapes | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 gas | det |
| 14 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 escapes | nsubj |
| 15 | escapes | escape | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 has | parataxis |
| 16 | as | as | ADP | _ | 17 bubbles | case |
| 17 | bubbles | bubble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 escapes | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 lose | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 lose | cc |
| 20 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 drinks | amod |
| 21 | drinks | drink | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 lose | nsubj |
| 22 | lose | lose | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 escapes | conj |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 lose | obj |
| 24 | faster | fast | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 22 lose | advmod |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 rise | punct |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 bubbles | det |
| 27 | bubbles | bubble | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 rise | nsubj |
| 28 | rise | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 has | parataxis |
| 29 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 33 lighter | mark |
| 30 | gas | gas | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 lighter | nsubj |
| 31 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 lighter | cop |
| 32 | much | much | ADV | _ | 33 lighter | advmod |
| 33 | lighter | light | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 28 rise | advcl |
| 34 | than | than | ADP | _ | 36 liquid | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 liquid | det |
| 36 | liquid | liquid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 lighter | obl |
| 37 | around | around | ADP | _ | 38 them | case |
| 38 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 liquid | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 has | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Fizzy water | dioxide gas | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gas=Patient | ||||
| 2 | dissolve | participle | dioxide gas not said here | water | under pressure | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||
| 3 | escape | present | the gas | as bubbles | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | lose | present | warm drinks | water | fast property | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | |||
| 5 | rise | present | the bubbles | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | is | present | gas | than the liquid around bubbles; light property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:chemistry:004-solids-liquids-and-gases.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/chemistry/4-solids-liquids-and-gases/15/